Urban landscape evaluation to explain the city's tourism brand, Case study: Isfahan metropolis

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Geographical Sciences & Planning, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran

2 university of isfahan. iran

Abstract

Paying attention to urban landscape is one of the main and most significant factors that can have a great effect on urban brand. Compared to other cities, tourist cities depend more on the quality of the urban landscape. Since what initially attracts individual's attention is the urban landscape; moreover, it makes the first judgments about the city in the minds of tourists. The city of Isfahan with a rich historical, cultural, artistic, natural background, etc. is one of the most significant tourist destinations in Iran.
With the purpose of explaining the urban landscape tourism brand, this research investigates 100 landscapes of Isfahan by an expert evaluation including historical landscape, natural landscape, cultural landscape and so on from two objective and subjective dimensions and based on 25 indices. Cluster analysis method has been used for clustering landscapes; furthermore, clustering analysis has been applied by using SPSS software in order to analyze the objective and subjective characteristics of landscapes.
The results indicate that the historical-natural landscape of Isfahan has the highest score among the clusters; in addition, there is a significant relationship between the objective dimension of the landscape (physical and functional aspects) and the semantic (subjective) dimension of it.

Keywords


 
Boo, S., Busser, J., Baloglu, S., (2009), A model of customer-based brand equity and its application to multiple destinations, Journal of Tourism Management, 30(2009), 219–231.
Chen, H, Rahman, I., (2018), Cultural tourism: An analysis of engagement, cultural contact, memorable tourism experience and destination loyalty, Tourism Management Perspectives, (26): 153–163.
Dedeoğlu, B. B., Van Niekerk, M., Weinland, J., Celuch, K., (2019), Re-conceptualizing customer-based destination brand equity, Journal Destination Marketing Management, 11: 211–230.
De San Eugenio Vela, J., Nogué, J., Govers, R., (2017), Visual landscape as a key element of place branding, Journal of Place Management and Development, 10(1): 23-44.
Dinnie, K., (2011), City Branding: Theory and Cases, Palgrave Macmillan. London, 269 p.
Duman, T., Ozbal, O., Duerod, M., (2018), The role of affective factors on brand resonance: Measuring customer-based brand equity for the Sarajevo brand, Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, (8): 359-372
Fu, X., (2019). Existential authenticity and destination loyalty: Evidence from heritage tourists, Journal Destination Marketing Management, (12): 84–94.
Kani, Y., Yuhanis, A., Sambasivan, M., Bojei, J., (2017), Antecedence and outcome of destination image of Malaysia, Hospitality and Tourism Management, (32): pp 89-98.
Lindholm, G., (2011), Visible Gesture: on Urban Landscape Perspective in Planning, Planning, 11(1): 1-15.
Mccarthy, J., (2012), Regeneration of Cultural Quarters: Public Art for Place Image or Place Identity, Journal of Urban Design, 11(2): 243-262.
Nordvall, M., Arvola, M., )2016), Perception, meaning and transmodal design, Proceedings of DRS 2016, Design Research Society 50th Anniversary Conference, Brighton, UK.
Morhart, F., Malär, L., Guèvremont, A., Girardin, F., Grohmann, B., (2015), Brand authenticity: An integrative framework and measurement scale, Journal of Consumer Psychology, 25(2), 200–218.
Pike, S.,) 2004(, Destination Brand positioning sligans-towards the development of a set of accountability criteria, Acta Turistica, 16(2): 102-124.
Pike, S., Page, S.J., (2014), Destination marketing organizations and destination marketing: A narrative of the literature, Journal of Tourism Management, (41): 202-227.
Salmi, M.I., Hepy, H., Kiumarsi, SH., (2020), The effect of place attachment on visitors’ revisit intentions: evidence from Batam, Journal of Tourism Geographies, 22(1): 51-82.
Yang, S., Isa, S.M., Ramayah, T., Blanes, R., Kiumarsi, S., (2020), The Effects of Destination Brand Personality on Chinese tourists’ Revisit Intention to Glasgow: An Examination across Gender, Journal of International Consumer Marketing, (31): 1-18.
Wu, H. C., Li, M. Y., & Li, T., (2018), A study of experiential quality, experiential value, experiential satisfaction, theme park image, and revisit intention, Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 42(1), 26–73.
Yi, X, Lin, V.S., Jin, W., Luo, Q., (2017), The authenticity of heritage sites, tourists' quest for existential authenticity and destination loyalty, Journal of Travel Research, 56(8), PP 1032–1048.
Yokr Lai, L., Said, I., Kubota, A., (2013), The Roles of Cultural Spaces in Malaysia Historic Towns: The Case of Kuala Dungun and Taiping, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, (85): 602-625.
Zenker, S., Braun, E., Peterson, S., (2017), Branding the destination versus the place: the effects of brand complexity and identification for residents and visitors, Journal of Tourism Management, (58): 15-17.