Identifying Factors Affecting the Tendency of Physically Challenged Women to Tourism (Case Study: Babolsar City)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D of Sociology of social Problems-Member of Imam Sadegh University’s culture and tourism think tank, Lecture at Farhangian Univercity, Manzandaran, Iran

2 Assistant professor of Psychology Training and Counseling Department, Farhangian University, Theran, Iran

3 PhD of Sociology, Lecture at Farhangian University, Ilam, Iran

10.22080/jtpd.2024.24960.3841

Abstract

Context and Purpose:  The purpose of the present study is to identify the factors affecting the tendency of women with physical disabilities to travel and tourism.
Design/methodology/approach: This study was conducted with a quantitative approach and a survey method. The statistical population includes 781 physically disabilities women of Babolsar city, and using the Cochran formula, 257 people were selected as a statistical sample with a multi-stage sampling method. The data collection tool is a questionnaire.
Findings: The findings showed that the tendency of physically disabilities women to travel is lower than the average level. Women experience a strong feeling of rejection in terms of social participation, normative integration, access to social rights and material deprivation is also at a low level. Regression analysis showed that social participation and feeling of material deprivation respectively had the greatest effect on their tendency to travel. Bivariate analyzes also indicated the existence of a significant difference in the tendency of physically disabilities women to travel according to age, education, occupation and cause of disability(p<0/005).
Conclusion: This study provides a more distinct picture of the impact of social exclusion on physically disabilities women and its impact on tourism and travel. Since tourism can be effective in strengthening mental health and their return to the society, providing the ground for disabled tourism should be given more attention.
Originality/value: This study is one of the first researches in the field of physically disabled women and tourism in Iran. 

Keywords

Main Subjects


Abdullah Najaf Abadi, A and Rahmat, M.(2016). Examination of criminal protections for the disabled in Iranian law, the fourth national law conference on the evaluation of the effectiveness of the law in the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Meibod: Islamic Azad University of Meibod. (In Persian)
Allan, M. (2013). “Disability tourism: Why do disabled people engaging in tourism activities?” European Journal of Social Sciences, 39(3): 480-486.
Belordi, T and Belordi, Z .M. (2012). Investigation of students' spirit of participation and factors affecting it (case study: Islamic Azad Universities of Haft Kishor region), Iranian Journal of Sociology, 13(7): 57-82. (In Persian)
Behroozian, B; Ganji, M and Nikkhah Qomsari, N. (1401). Social life of people with physical-motor disabilities in Iran (systematic review of studies in the period 1375-1400), social welfare planning, 13(52): 116 -73. (In Persian)
Bogart, K.R. (2014).  “The role of disability self-concept in adaptation to congenital or acquired disability”. Rehability Psychology. 2014 Feb;59(1):107-15.
Chen, S., Wang, S., and  Xu, H.  (2017) “Influence of Place Identity on Residents’ Attitudes to Dark Tourism”, Journal of China Tourism Research, 13(4): 338-356.
Ghalabi, F and Akhshi, N. (2014). Social participation and social vitality, applied sociology, 26(59): 139-160. (In Persian)
Ghaffari, G; Nik Bin Sadaghati, F and Ismailzadeh, K (2012). Women's social participation and its impact on family well-being (case study of district 9 of Tehran), Women and Family Studies, 5(18): 62-33. (In Persian)
George, L., Al-kharusi, Y., Fawzi Al-Hinai. (2021). “The role of self-efficacy in creating an entrepreneurial intention among the people with disability with special reference to entrepreneurs with disability in Muscat”, International Journal for innovation engineering and management research, 10(10): 86-90.
Hoff, S. and Vrooman, C. (2011). Dimensions of social exclusion. Towards an improved instrument. The Hague: Social and Cultural Planning Office.
Huang,S., Han Kuo,Y and Yang,C.Y. (2010 ). Research on social exclusion and supports for family cares among elderly, See URL http:// www.social-policy.org.uk/lincoln2012/Kuo%20P2.pdf
Hua, K.P., Ibrahimi, I., and Chiu, L.K. (2013). “Sport tourism: Physically disabled sport tourist’ orientation”, PSU-USM International Conference on Humanities and Social Sciences, Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 91 (2013): 257-269.
Mc Devitt, S. (2003). Social exclusion and social welfare Iinitiatives in the European Union and The United States, See URL http: aei.pitt.edu.
Houshmand, R (2019). Evaluation of the inclusive components of urban plans in meeting the needs of the disabled (case study: Tehran city master plan and development patterns of 22 districts of Tehran), Master's thesis, urban architecture field, Iran University of Science and Technology. (In Persian)
Kadirzadeh, O and Khalki, M. (2017). Women and the experience of social exclusion (a qualitative study of housewives in Sanandaj), Women's Social-Psychological Studies, 16(1): 7-42. (In Persian)
Karobi, M., Ziaeei, M., and Fekrizad, N. (2022). Model of the behavioral factors of the development of accessible tourism for people with physical and motor disabilities (Study case: Tehran), Two Quarterly Journal of Tourism Social Studies, 9(17): 137-164. (In Persian)
Khodakarmian Gilan, N; Niazi, M and Shafai Moghadam, E. (2019). Sociological investigation of the social exclusion of the physically disabled, Psychology of Exceptional People, 10(28): 169-188. (In Persian)
Madi, H; Shibani, M and Vahid Dastgerdi, F. (2012). Tourism of the disabled in urban green spaces, the first national conference on geography, urban planning and sustainable development, Tehran, March 2012. (In Persian)
Mohseni Tabrizi, A. and Zareen Goshfian, G. (2014). Investigation of factors affecting the social exclusion of the disabled (physically and physically disabled covered by the welfare of Ray city), Iranian social issues survey, 6(2): 352-337. (In Persian)
 Ghafari, M., Shafiei Roudpashti, M.,  Mojtabi Cheshmi, Falahi, N.(2023). Development of a model for measuring pull and push factors in horse riding tourism (case study: Gonbad Kavos city, Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 12(46):  119-143.
Malekshahi,G. (2018). Typology of domestic urban tourists and responsible tourism (case study: tourists of Babolsar, Lahijan and Sarein), Tourism Planning and Development Journal, 8(3): 17-34.(In Persian)
Moradi, A; Amiri, S; Malekpour, M; Maulvi, H and Nouri, A. (2008). The effectiveness of self-efficacy group training on the quality of life and entrepreneurial behavior of women with physical-motor disabilities, Women's Social-Psychological Studies, 7(3): 71-98. (In Persian)
Mousavi, B; Montazeri, A and Soroush, M. (2006). Quality of life of veterans with spinal cord injury, Paish, 7(1): 75-81. (In Persian)
Rezaei, M and Partovi, L. (2014). Disabled women and interaction with society (a qualitative study of the social life of disabled women), Women's Leadership Studies, 17(27): 8-44. (In Persian)
Poursoltani Zarandi, Hossein; Ghasemi, Hamid; Hawathal, Mahnaz and Moradi, Firuzeh (2016). Identifying obstacles to the sustainable participation of disabled people in Alborz province, Applied Research of Sports Sciences Without Borders, 14: 2-16. (In Persian)
Özcan, E.; Güçhan Topcu, Z.; Arasli, H.  (2021). “Determinants of Travel Participation and Experiences of Wheelchair Users Traveling to the Bodrum Region: A Qualitative Study”. International Journal of Environment Research Public Health 18(2021): 18-22.
Salehi, S and Pazukinejad, Z. (2014). Social trust, women and climate change policies, Iranian social studies and research, 3(2): 221-238. (In Persian)
Shatrian, M; Ashnui, A and Ganjipour, M. (2015). Study on the optimization of urban spaces for the access of disabled and veterans. Case study: Kashan government offices. Space Geographic Survey, 6(22): 59-76. (In Persian)
Silver, H. (2007). The Process of Social Exclusion:  the Dynamics of an Evolving Concept, Published by Chronic poverty research center, See URL papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1087789
Simona Tecau, A., Bratucu, G., Tescasiu, B., Bianca Chitu, I., Pertisor Constantin, C., and Foris, D. (2019). “Responsible tourism- Integrating families with disabled children in tourist destinations”, Sustainability, 11(2019):  1-18.
Tecau,T., Bratucu, G., Tescasiu, B., Chitu, I.B., Constantin, C.P and Foris, D. (2019). Responsible tourism – integrating families with disabled children in tourist destinations, Sustainability, 11: 1-18.
UNWTO. The Tourism Sector and the Sustainable Development Goals—Responsible Tourism, a Global Commitment. 2016. Available online: http://cf.cdn.unwto.org/sites/all/files/pdf/turismo_responsable_omt_ acc.pdf (accessed on 15 February 2018).
Var,T.,  Yeşiltaş,M.,  Yaylı, A., Öztürk, Y. (2011). “A Study on the Travel Patterns of Physically Disabled People”, Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 16(6):  599-618
Vesey, H. (2015). Investigating the impact of political ideology on Iran's tourism, Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 4(14): 45-66.(In Persian)
Wang, S. and Xu, H. (2015) “Influence of place-based senses of distinctiveness, continuity, self-esteem and self-efficacy on residents' attitude towards tourism”, Tourism Management, 47(2015): 241-250
Ziari, K; Pourahmad, A; Hataminejad, H and Nargani, S. (1400). Pattern of customizing tourism spaces for the disabled and veterans, a case study: Yazd city, Urban Tourism Quarterly, 8(2): 17-33. (In Persian)
Zarin Shoshian, G (2019). Investigating the relationship between the society's negative attitude and the exclusion of disabled people from society, Social Security Quarterly, 15(3): 211-192. (In Persian)