ارزیابی نگرش صاحبان اقامتگاه های بوم گردی و مدیران محلی نسبت به زیست بوم کسب وکار بوم گردی در مقصد گردشگری رامسر

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته ی کارشناسی ارشد، جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی گردشگری، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استاد، جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

10.22080/jtpd.2024.27168.3885

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: یکی از مباحث مهم در حوزۀ اقامتگاه‌های بوم‏گردی، بررسی زیست‌بوم کسب‌وکار این اقامتگاه‌ها هست. این زیست‌بوم‌ها، بیان‌کنندۀ ساختار سیستم کسب‌وکار، عوامل تأثیرگذار، روابط بین بازیگران، قدرت و جایگاه هر یک از عوامل در زیست‌بوم کسب‌وکار اقامتگاه‌های بوم‏گردی است. هدف پژوهش حاضر این است که مبتنی بر دیدگاه­های مالکان و مدیران محلی-منطقه­ای بوم‏گردی، فضای حاکم بر زیست‏بوم کسب­وکار اقامتگاه­های بوم‏گردی را ارزیابی نمایند.
روش­شناسی: پژوهش حاضر بر مبنای هدف از نوع توصیفی است؛ زیرا وضعیت زیست­بوم کسب‌وکار اقامتگاه‌های بوم‏گردی در شهرستان رامسر را بررسی و ارزیابی می­کند. از نظر مخاطب، کاربردی است؛ زیرا منجر به آگاهی از وضعیت زیست­بوم کسب‌وکار اقامتگاه‌های بوم‏گردی در شهرستان رامسر برای مالکان، مدیران بومی، سرمایه‌گذاران آتی و پژوهشگران این حوزه می‌شود. از نظر زمانی، مقطعی است؛ زیرا اطلاعات مورد نیاز پژوهش، "در" یک مقطع زمانی (بهار 1402) جمع­آوری شده است. از نظر روش گردآوری داده، کمّی است؛ زیرا از پرسش­نامه برای جمع­آوری داده­ها استفاده شد. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش شامل "مالکان اقامتگاه­های بوم‏گردی" و "مدیران محلی" مرتبط با موضوع پژوهش در شهرستان رامسر می­شود.
یافته­ها: نشان می­دهد که رتبۀ وضعیت مؤلفه­های زیست­بوم­کسب­وکار اقامتگاه­های بوم­گردی در شهرستان رامسر بر اساس مقدار میانگین از دیدگاه مالکان اقامتگاه­های بوم­گردی به ترتیب اول به اخر شامل: مؤلفه­های زیربنایی، بازار، اجتماعی-فرهنگی، کسب­وکار، سرمایۀ انسانی، حمایت، آموزش و نوآوری و مالی است. همچنین رتبۀ وضعیت مؤلفه­های زیست­بوم­کسب­وکار اقامتگاه­های بوم­گردی در شهرستان رامسر بر اساس مقدار میانگین از دیدگاه مدیران محلی و منطقه­ای بوم­گردی به ترتیب اول به اخر شامل: کسب­وکار، بازار، زیربنایی، اجتماعی-فرهنگی، حمایت، سرمایۀ انسانی، مالی و آموزش نوآوری است.
نتیجه­ گیری و پیشنهادات: وضعیت زیست­بوم کسب­وکار اقامتگاه­های بوم­گردی در شهرستان رامسر هم از دیدگاه مالکان اقامتگاه­های بوم­گردی و هم مدیران محلی-منطقه­ای بوم­گردی در حد "متوسط" قرار دارد و مؤلفه‌های "مالی" و "آموزش و نوآوری" به عنوان ضعیف­ترین مؤلفه و مولفۀ "زیربنایی" به­عنوان قابل­قبول­ترین مؤلفۀ زیست­بوم ارزیابی شدند.
نوآوری و اصالت: چارچوب مدل زیست­بوم کسب­وکار اقامتگاه­ها باید متفاوت از چارچوب­های عمومی بوده و مؤلفه­های مربوط به توسعۀ پایدار در آن نقش محوری ایفا کنند. در این پژوهش سعی شده است با استفاده از مطالعۀ میدانی، به بررسی وضعیت زیست­بوم کسب­وکار اقامتگاه­های بوم­گردی با استفاده از دیدگاه ذی­نفعانی (مالکان اقامتگاه­ها و مدیران محلی-منطقه­ای بوم­گردی) که بر تحول و توسعۀ کسب­وکار مدنظر در شهرستان رامسر تأثیرگذار هستند، پرداخته شود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

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