نگرش جامعه محلی نسبت به توسعه گردشگری (مطالعه موردی: روستاهای هدف گردشگری شهرستان مرودشت)

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 بخش جغرافیا، دانشگاه شیراز، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: در نواحی روستاییِ دارای ظرفیت­ ها و پتانسیل ­های مطلوب از نظر جاذبه های گردشگری به ویژه روستاهای هدف گردشگری، توسعه­ ی گردشگری می­ تواند گزینه­ ی مناسبی برای پویایی اجتماعی و توسعه­ ی روستایی باشد که به واسطه­ ی آن می ­توان از یک طرف به تثبیت و نگهداشت جمعیت در نواحی روستایی و از طرف دیگر، به حفظ هویت اجتماعی-فرهنگی در این نواحی کمک کرد. حمایت جامعه ­ی میزبان یکی از پیش ­شرط­ های اصلی برای توسعه­ ی گردشگری روستایی است.
روش ­شناسی: تحقیق حاضر به لحاظ هدف، کابردی و از نظر ماهیت و روش، توصیفی-تحلیلی است. جامعه ­ی آماری تحقیق، جمعیت 18 ساله و بزرگتر ساکن در روستاهای هدف گردشگری شهرستان مرودشت شامل دشتک، کندازی و جیدرزار می ­باشد. حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، 350 نمونه برآورد گردید. شیوه نمونه گیری به صورت احتمالی طبقه ­بندی شده بوده و تحلیل داده ­ها با استفاده از آزمون ­های آماری t تک­ نمونه ­ای، t برای نمونه­ های مستقل، تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه، تحلیل واریانس یکطرفه و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون با بهره­ گیری از نرم ­افزار SPSS انجام شده است.
یافته ­ها: نگرش روستانشینان نسبت به پیامدهای مطلوب اقتصادی، فرهنگی، محیطی و زیرساختی گردشگری و همچنین حمایت جامعه­ ی محلی از توسعه­ ی گردشگری از سطح متوسط بالاتر است. همچنین، در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد، اثر ترکیبی متغیرهای نگرش روستانشینان نسبت به پیامدهای اقتصادی، فرهنگی، محیطی و زیرساختی گردشگری بر حمایت از توسعه­ ی گردشگری معنادار است و 72 درصد از واریانس حمایت از توسعه­ ی گردشگری را تبیین می ­کند.
نتیجه ­گیری و پیشنهادات: اقداماتی نظیر سهیم کردن ساکنان جامعه ­ی میزبان در منافع اقتصادی حاصل از گردشگری، تأکید بر حفظ درون­ مایه ­های فرهنگی جامعه­ ی بومی، توسعه­ ی زیرساخت­ ها در نواحی روستایی و تأمین خدمات مورد نیاز جامعه­ ی میزبان و گردشگران، می­ تواند نقش مؤثری در تقویت حمایت جامعه­ ی محلی از توسعه­ ی گردشگری داشته باشد.
نوآوری و اصالت: پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ موضوعی، نخستین پژوهش در منطقه مورد مطالعه است. علی­رغم وجود ظرفیت­ ها و پتانسیل­ های مطلوب از نظر جاذبه ­های گردشگری، تاکنون مطالعه ­ی خاصی در زمینه نگرش جامعه محلی این منطقه نسبت به توسعه گردشگری انجام نشده است و پژوهش حاضر می­ تواند زمینه ساز پژوهش ­های آتی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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